This thinker proposed that humans were formed from double-people to explain the origins of love.This author of Symposium analogized philosophy to realizing that shadows on a wall are not reality.This man described an ideal city-state where philosopher (*) kings rule and the “Allegory of the Cave” inThe Republic. For 10 points, name this Ancient Greek philosopher, a student of Socrates.
Thomas Aquinas defined this property as "the adequation of things and intellect", an example ofthe "correspondence theory" of it. The principle of explosion says that if a contradiction exists, everystatement can be proved to have this property. If P (*) implies Q, and P has this property, then Q also hasthis property. For 10 points, what property is the opposite of being false?
This thinker wrote that philosophy was meant to change the world in his Theses on Feuerbach(FOY-uhr-bock) and called religion the "opium of the people" in a critique of Hegel. In another work,this thinker claimed all history was a "history of (*) class struggles" and commanded the proletarians ofthe world to "unite!". For 10 points, name this collaborator of Friedrich Engels who wrote The CommunistManifesto.
[10] Empedocles proposed that there were four of these things: air, water, earth, and fire. Modern chemists recognize 118 of these, such as hydrogen and bismuth.
[10] Empedocles believed that the elements were controlled by two divine powers, one of which he called Strife and the other one he gave this name. The greek words "eros", "philia", and "agape" all describe different kinds of this emotion.
[10] Empedocles legendarily killed himself in this fashion on Mount Etna, believing that it would prove his immortality to his followers.
[10] This Enlightenment philosopher developed the categorical imperative to argue that actions are moral only if they can be treated as universal law. He's also known for his critiques of "pure" and "practical" reason.
[10] According to the categorical imperative, it is always impermissible to take this action because if everyone did this, nobody could be trusted.
[10] A common critique of the categorical imperative questions the morality of telling the truth to someone who arrives at your door and asks where he can find your children so that he can do this action to them. The trolley problem is often formulated as doing this to one person to save a greater number of people.
[10] The Greek thinker Socrates proposed an early version of the social contract; he believed that his contract with the Athenian state obligated him to take this action by drinking hemlock.
[10] This English philosopher's book Leviathan contained the first modern formulation of the social contract, which he said people would enter into because otherwise life would be "nasty, brutish, and short".
[10] For John Locke, social contracts existed to protect rights such as life, this concept, health, and property. Thomas Jefferson grouped this concept with life and the pursuit of happiness in the Declaration of Independence.